An SMS QR code opens the messaging app with the recipient — and optionally the message — already filled in. Nothing is sent until the person taps send, which is what makes it usable in public.
The payload is sms: plus the number, with the message added as a query parameter and percent-encoded so spaces and punctuation survive.
It composes, it does not send. The messaging app opens with everything ready. That is a deliberate protection in every phone, and it means a printed code cannot spend anyone’s money without them agreeing.
Prefilled text is the reason to choose this over a phone number. Keyword campaigns exist because a short code is easy to remember and awkward to type; a QR code removes the typing entirely while keeping the keyword exact, which matters when a system is matching on it.
A poster where the whole action is "text this word to this number", with both parts guaranteed correct.
A code on equipment that opens a message prefilled with the asset number, so the reply already says which machine.
Anywhere the answer is one word and the friction is typing it.
Prefilled body support varies. The recipient is universal; the message is honoured by most modern phones but not guaranteed everywhere. Never design so that the campaign fails if only the number arrives.
The sender pays. Standard message rates apply, and international numbers can be expensive. Say so beside the code.
Message text lengthens the code. Every character is encoded, and a long body makes a dense pattern that scans badly when printed small.
The number is public. Anyone can decode a printed code, so it should be a line you are content to publish.
Tablets and desktops often cannot act on it. Devices without a messaging app either offer an alternative or do nothing.